Cybersecurity English
Cybersecurity English Glossary
677 professional cybersecurity english terms with definitions, pronunciation and examples. Learn what each term means — free with Termify.
A
- Qu'est-ce que Abus de logique métier ? The exploitation of legitimate business logic in applications to gain unauthorized advantages, often bypassing technical...
- Qu'est-ce que Acceptation du risque ? A formal decision to acknowledge and accept the consequences of a specific risk, typically documented and approved by au...
- Qu'est-ce que Acceptation du risque ? The formal decision to tolerate a known risk in cryptographic or PKI systems, typically documented through risk manageme...
- Qu'est-ce que Accord de clé ? A cryptographic protocol that enables two or more parties to establish a shared secret key over an insecure channel, com...
- Qu'est-ce que Accès Inter-Tenants ? The mechanism by which users, services, or applications are granted permission to access resources across different isol...
- Qu'est-ce que Accès Juste-à-Temps ? A privileged access management method that grants users temporary, time-bound, and auditable access rights to critical s...
- Qu'est-ce que Acteur de menace ? An individual, group, or entity with the intent, capability, and opportunity to exploit vulnerabilities in cryptographic...
- Qu'est-ce que Action de remédiation ? Steps taken to eliminate the cause of a detected security incident, restore affected systems, and strengthen defenses to...
- Qu'est-ce que Action de remédiation ? A specific corrective step taken to address a vulnerability, nonconformity, or security finding in cryptographic or PKI ...
- Qu'est-ce que Agrégation de journaux ? Log Aggregation is the process of collecting and centralizing logs from diverse systems, applications, and devices into ...
- Qu'est-ce que Agrégation de télémétrie réseau ? The collection, normalization, and consolidation of network telemetry data (such as flow records, logs, or metrics) from...
- Qu'est-ce que Alerte de Mauvaise Configuration des Ressources ? Automated notification generated when a cloud resource, such as storage or compute, is configured in a way that exposes ...
- Qu'est-ce que Alerte de sécurité ? Automated or manual notification process by which a security system or analyst informs relevant personnel of detected su...
- Qu'est-ce que Alerte d’escalade de privilèges ? The process of generating real-time alerts whenever a user or process attempts to gain higher-level access than authoriz...
- Qu'est-ce que Alerte d’Exfiltration de Données ? The real-time detection and notification of unauthorized attempts to transfer sensitive or regulated data out of protect...
- Qu'est-ce que Algorithme de signature ? A cryptographic algorithm used to generate and verify digital signatures, ensuring data authenticity and integrity, such...
- Qu'est-ce que Algorithme MAC ? A cryptographic function that produces a short piece of information used to authenticate a message and provide integrity...
- Qu'est-ce que Alignement réglementaire ? The degree to which organizational controls, processes, and policies conform to laws, regulations, and relevant industry...
- Qu'est-ce que Altération de Ressource API ? The unauthorized modification or manipulation of API resources, typically by altering request parameters or payloads to ...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse d'impact ? A structured assessment of the potential consequences or business disruption resulting from the exploitation of vulnerab...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse d'incident ? The comprehensive examination and assessment of a security incident to determine its cause, scope, impact, and lessons l...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse de Capture de Paquets ? The process of collecting and analyzing network packet data to detect threats, troubleshoot issues, and validate securit...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse de conformité ? An automated scan of cryptographic or PKI systems to verify conformity with regulatory and industry requirements.
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse de malware ? The process of examining malicious software to understand its behavior, intent, origin, and potential impact on affected...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse de Vulnérabilité Sans Agent ? A vulnerability assessment performed without installing agents on target systems, using network, API, or credentialed sc...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse des abus d’API ? The use of data analysis techniques to monitor, identify, and report on abnormal or malicious usage patterns within API ...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse des dépendances du code ? The process of examining software dependencies for known vulnerabilities, outdated components, or license compliance iss...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse des Flux Réseau ? The process of collecting, monitoring, and analyzing metadata about network traffic flows to detect anomalies and threat...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse des journaux ? The process of examining and interpreting system, application, and security logs to detect, investigate, and respond to ...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse des menaces ? Threat Analysis is the systematic evaluation of potential and actual cyber threats by assessing threat actor capabilitie...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse des risques ? The systematic process of identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing risks to organizational assets, considering likeliho...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse du Comportement Utilisateur ? Advanced analytics that monitor and analyze user activity patterns to detect insider threats, compromised accounts, and ...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse du Comportement à l’Exécution ? Continuous monitoring and assessment of applications’ or systems’ activities during execution to detect anomalies or thr...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse d’exposition ? Systematic evaluation of cryptographic or PKI assets and their attack surface to determine points of exposure to vulnera...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse d’Image de Conteneur ? The process of automatically analyzing container images for vulnerabilities, malware, and policy violations before deplo...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse d’impact ? The process of identifying and evaluating the potential consequences and business impacts of threats, incidents, or poli...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse d’évaluation de compromission ? A security scan that evaluates systems for indicators of compromise (IoCs), persistent threats, or policy violations, as...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse forensique ? The scientific examination and investigation of digital devices, logs, or data to identify, collect, preserve, and analy...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse forensique ? The application of specialized techniques to collect, preserve, and analyze digital evidence from information systems fo...
- Qu'est-ce que Analyse statique du code ? The process of automatically analyzing source code or binaries for security vulnerabilities, coding errors, or policy vi...
- Qu'est-ce que Analytique de sécurité ? Security Analytics refers to the use of advanced data analysis techniques, including machine learning and statistical mo...
- Qu'est-ce que Ancrage de certificat ? A security technique that restricts which certificates are considered valid for a particular service or domain, by stori...
- Qu'est-ce que Ancrage de Certificat Cloud ? A security technique that restricts applications or devices to accept only specific trusted certificates or public keys ...
- Qu'est-ce que Ancrage de chaîne ? The process of ensuring that a certificate chain terminates at a trusted root certificate authority (trust anchor), as r...
- Qu'est-ce que Ancre de confiance ? A trusted entity (typically a root certificate authority) whose public key is used as the ultimate basis for validating ...
- Qu'est-ce que Ancre de confiance matérielle ? A cryptographic foundation embedded in hardware (e.g., TPM, HSM, or secure enclave) that provides immutable security anc...
- Qu'est-ce que Anomalie de Comportement Réseau ? An observed deviation from established patterns of normal network activity that may indicate the presence of malicious a...
- Qu'est-ce que Appariement d’Identités Fédérées ? A process that links user identities from external or partner identity providers to local systems, enabling single sign-...
- Qu'est-ce que Appliance HSM ? A dedicated hardware device designed to securely generate, manage, and store cryptographic keys, and perform cryptograph...
- Qu'est-ce que Application Côté Client ? Reliance on client-side logic to enforce security controls, which can be bypassed or manipulated, undermining the intend...
- Qu'est-ce que Application de la passerelle API ? Operational policy and control enforcement at the API gateway layer, ensuring only validated and authorized API traffic ...
- Qu'est-ce que Application de la politique CORS ? The process of strictly applying Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) policies to control which origins can interact wit...
- Qu'est-ce que Application de la politique de segmentation ? The application and monitoring of access control policies that govern traffic between network segments to minimize unaut...
- Qu'est-ce que Application de la Politique d’Endpoint ? The application of security controls to endpoints (e.g., laptops, mobiles) to ensure compliance with organizational secu...
- Qu'est-ce que Application de la portée du jeton ? The process of restricting token privileges to the minimum necessary set of actions or resources, ensuring that access t...
- Qu'est-ce que Application des En-têtes de Sécurité ? The application of mandatory HTTP response headers (such as CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options) to protect web applications from...
- Qu'est-ce que Application des politiques ? The process of ensuring that policies, standards, and procedures are implemented and followed within the organization, w...
- Qu'est-ce que Application des Règles Métier ? Implementation and monitoring of business logic controls within applications to prevent unauthorized or unintended actio...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du Contrôle d’Accès au Réseau ? The application of technical controls to regulate and restrict user, device, or service access to network resources, enf...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du Délai d'Expiration de Session ? Policy and technical controls to ensure user sessions automatically expire after a defined period of inactivity, minimiz...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du Lien de Jeton ? A security control requiring the cryptographic binding of authentication tokens to specific TLS sessions or client devic...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du Moindre Privilège ? The continuous process of restricting user, process, or system access rights to the minimum necessary to perform authori...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du Quota API ? The process of applying limits to the number of API requests allowed for each user, application, or key, to prevent reso...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du schéma API ? The practice of validating incoming and outgoing API requests and responses against a defined schema to prevent structur...
- Qu'est-ce que Application du Taux d’API ? A control that limits the number of API requests a client or application can make within a specific time frame to preven...
- Qu'est-ce que Appétit pour le risque ? The level and type of risk an organization is willing to accept in pursuit of its objectives, as formally defined by sen...
- Qu'est-ce que Architecture de Confiance Zéro ? A security model centered on the assumption that no user or device, inside or outside the network perimeter, is trusted ...
- Qu'est-ce que Architecture DNS Résiliente ? A DNS infrastructure designed for high availability, redundancy, and resistance to attacks or failures, ensuring continu...
- Qu'est-ce que Architecture Zero Trust ? A security model that assumes no implicit trust is granted to systems or users inside or outside the network; verificati...
- Qu'est-ce que Architecture Zéro Confiance ? A security model based on the principle that no user, device, or network component should be trusted by default. Enforce...
- Qu'est-ce que Archive d’exploits ? A centralized and curated repository of documented exploits relevant to cryptographic or PKI environments, used for thre...
- Qu'est-ce que Assertion signée ? A digital statement or claim, such as an authentication response or attribute, that is cryptographically signed to ensur...
- Qu'est-ce que Attaque de cryptanalyse ? A method of attacking cryptographic systems by analyzing the algorithms and ciphertexts to extract secret keys or plaint...
- Qu'est-ce que Attaque de Manipulation de Paramètre ? An attack technique where an adversary manipulates input parameters in client requests to alter application behavior, by...
- Qu'est-ce que Attaque de relais d’authentification ? A cyberattack in which authentication credentials are intercepted and forwarded (relayed) to impersonate a legitimate us...
- Qu'est-ce que Attestation de Santé du Point de Terminaison ? A process by which the health state of an endpoint device is cryptographically measured and validated before it is allow...
- Qu'est-ce que Attribution d'Autorisation Excessive ? A security misconfiguration where a user or entity is assigned more access rights than necessary, violating the principl...
- Qu'est-ce que Attribution de VLAN de Quarantaine ? The process of isolating endpoints identified as compromised or non-compliant by assigning them to a dedicated VLAN with...
- Qu'est-ce que Attribution des menaces ? Threat Attribution is the analytical process of linking a detected cyber threat, campaign, or incident to a specific act...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation automatisée des menaces ? The use of automated controls, tools, and workflows to detect, respond to, and neutralize cyber threats in real time, mi...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation d'incident ? Targeted actions taken to reduce the immediate and long-term impact of a security incident, including containment, eradi...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation de la redirection ouverte ? Security controls that detect and prevent web applications from redirecting users to untrusted external URLs, reducing t...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation de l’Évasion de l’Hyperviseur ? A set of security controls and techniques that prevent or detect attempts by virtual machines to break out of hypervisor...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation des attaques par relecture ? Security controls implemented to detect and prevent replay attacks, where previously valid data transmissions are malici...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation des exploits ? Technical and procedural controls implemented to reduce or eliminate the risk of exploitation of vulnerabilities in cryp...
- Qu'est-ce que Atténuation des Menaces Persistantes ? A set of proactive and reactive controls aimed at detecting, containing, and eradicating advanced persistent threats (AP...
- Qu'est-ce que Audit de conformité ? A systematic, independent review to determine whether activities and related results comply with planned arrangements, p...
- Qu'est-ce que Audit de sécurité ? A formal, systematic review of an organization’s information systems, controls, and procedures to verify their effective...
- Qu'est-ce que Audit de sécurité ? A formal, systematic review and verification of cryptographic and PKI processes, controls, and compliance with standards...
- Qu'est-ce que Audit des Accès Cloud ? Systematic logging and analysis of access events in cloud environments to ensure compliance, detect anomalies, and suppo...
- Qu'est-ce que Authentification Multi-facteurs ? A security mechanism requiring users to present two or more independent forms of evidence (factors) to verify their iden...
- Qu'est-ce que Authentification mutuelle ? A security process in which both entities in a communication verify each other's identities, typically using digital cer...
- Qu'est-ce que Automatisation de la Découverte des Actifs ? The automated identification and inventory of all devices, cloud resources, software, and services within an organizatio...
- Qu'est-ce que Automatisation de la sécurité ? Security Automation is the application of technology to perform repetitive or time-sensitive security operations tasks—s...
- Qu'est-ce que Automatisation de l’orchestration de la sécurité ? The integration and automation of security processes, tools, and workflows to accelerate detection, investigation, and r...
- Qu'est-ce que Automatisation de Playbook ? The automated execution of predefined incident response actions and workflows using orchestration tools, reducing manual...
- Qu'est-ce que Automatisation des tests ? The application of automated tools and scripts to perform repeatable, consistent validation of cryptographic functions, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Autorisation au niveau de la fonction ? A control mechanism that verifies a user’s or system’s permission for each specific API endpoint or business function be...
- Qu'est-ce que Autorité de certification subordonnée ? A Certificate Authority (CA) that is certified and authorized by a root or higher-level CA to issue digital certificates...
- Qu'est-ce que Autorité de politique ? An entity within a PKI or trust framework responsible for defining, governing, and maintaining security and operational ...
- Qu'est-ce que Autorité de validation ? A trusted service or entity that provides real-time or historical status information about digital certificates, typical...
- Qu'est-ce que Autorité Racine ? The top-level Certificate Authority (CA) in a PKI hierarchy whose root certificate is self-signed and serves as the ulti...
- Qu'est-ce que Autoévaluation des Contrôles ? Short for 'Control Self-Assessment'—an internal process where departments evaluate the design and effectiveness of their...
B
- Qu'est-ce que Balisage d'Assertion de Sécurité ? An XML-based framework (SAML) for exchanging authentication and authorization data between security domains, commonly us...
- Qu'est-ce que Basculement de certificat ? The managed transition from an expiring or old certificate to a new certificate in a way that minimizes service interrup...
- Qu'est-ce que Base de configuration sécurisée ? A documented set of secure settings and parameters for systems or applications, serving as a reference point for complia...
- Qu'est-ce que Base de données de vulnérabilités ? A centralized, authoritative repository cataloging known cryptographic and PKI-related vulnerabilities, including CVEs, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Base de sécurité ? A documented set of minimum security controls or configurations established as a standard for systems, services, or proc...
- Qu'est-ce que Blocage des Scripts Malveillants ? The detection and prevention of unauthorized, harmful scripts (such as JavaScript, PowerShell, or macros) from executing...
- Qu'est-ce que Blocage du trafic malveillant ? Automated or manual actions taken to identify and prevent the flow of network traffic identified as malicious, including...
- Qu'est-ce que Blocage juridique ? A directive to preserve all forms of relevant information when litigation or investigation is reasonably anticipated.
C
- Qu'est-ce que Cadre de confiance ? A formal structure of policies, roles, rules, and standards that define how trust is established, maintained, and evalua...
- Qu'est-ce que Cadre de confidentialité persistante ? A cryptographic protocol property ensuring that compromise of long-term keys does not compromise past session keys, as r...
- Qu'est-ce que Cadre de conformité ? An integrated system of standards, guidelines, and procedures designed to help an organization meet all relevant legal, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Cadre de contrôle ? A structured set of governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) policies, processes, and controls aligned to industry standar...
- Qu'est-ce que Cadre de politique ? A structured set of overarching policies, standards, and guidelines that governs how information security, compliance, a...
- Qu'est-ce que Cadre de responsabilité ? A structured set of responsibilities, roles, and processes that ensure individuals and teams are answerable for security...
- Qu'est-ce que Canal de commande et contrôle ? A communications channel used by attackers or malware to issue instructions to compromised hosts, or by defenders for au...
- Qu'est-ce que Canal de commande sécurisé ? An encrypted, authenticated communication pathway used for transmitting privileged commands or control signals, as descr...
- Qu'est-ce que Canal sécurisé ? A communication path protected by cryptographic means, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of data i...
- Qu'est-ce que Capacité de détection ? Detection Capability is the measure of an organization's ability to identify and recognize cyber threats, malicious acti...
- Qu'est-ce que Capteur collecteur de flux ? A network device or software agent that passively gathers, aggregates, and forwards network flow records (such as NetFlo...
- Qu'est-ce que Cartographie des contrôles ? The process of linking controls to regulatory, policy, or framework requirements to demonstrate compliance and facilitat...
- Qu'est-ce que Cartographie des contrôles ? The process of aligning cryptographic or PKI controls with regulatory frameworks, standards, or organizational requireme...
- Qu'est-ce que Cartographie des données ? The structured process of identifying, documenting, and connecting the flow of data elements across systems, application...
- Qu'est-ce que Cartographie des processus ? A systematic technique for visually documenting and analyzing business or IT processes, their sequence, stakeholders, in...
- Qu'est-ce que Cartographie des processus ? A structured method of visually documenting and analyzing processes, including their steps, controls, and responsible pa...
- Qu'est-ce que Cartographie d’Identité des Ressources ? The process of associating digital resources (such as VMs, APIs, or storage objects) with unique, verifiable identities ...
- Qu'est-ce que Catalogue des menaces ? A structured and curated inventory of recognized PKI or cryptographic threats, attack vectors, and related mitigation st...
- Qu'est-ce que Catégorisation des actifs ? The process of classifying PKI and cryptographic assets based on value, criticality, sensitivity, and role within the or...
- Qu'est-ce que Catégorisation des incidents ? Incident Categorization is the process of classifying security events or incidents based on type, severity, impact, and ...
- Qu'est-ce que Cause racine ? The fundamental underlying reason or origin of a security incident, breach, or operational failure, identified through s...
- Qu'est-ce que Centre de Fusion des Indicateurs ? A centralized facility or platform that aggregates, correlates, and analyzes cybersecurity indicators (such as IOCs) fro...
- Qu'est-ce que Certificat auto-signé ? A digital certificate that is signed by the same entity whose identity it certifies, rather than by a trusted Certificat...
- Qu'est-ce que Certificat d'AC ? A digital certificate issued to a Certificate Authority, used to sign and validate other digital certificates within a P...
- Qu'est-ce que Certificat d'attribut ? A digital certificate that binds attribute information (such as roles or permissions) to a subject, separate from the id...
- Qu'est-ce que Certificat de périphérique ? A digital certificate issued to a device (such as a server, router, or IoT component) to authenticate its identity withi...
- Qu'est-ce que Certificat racine ? A self-signed digital certificate that identifies a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) at the apex of a certification ch...
- Qu'est-ce que Certification des accès ? A formal, periodic review process in which managers or data owners attest that users have the appropriate levels of acce...
- Qu'est-ce que Charte de Sécurité ? A formal document that defines the scope, authority, and responsibilities of the security function within an organizatio...
- Qu'est-ce que Chasse aux menaces ? A proactive and iterative search through networks, endpoints, and datasets to detect and isolate advanced threats that e...
- Qu'est-ce que Chasse aux Menaces Automatisée ? The continuous, proactive, and algorithm-driven search for threats and anomalies in an environment, using automated tool...
- Qu'est-ce que Chasse aux menaces réseau ? The proactive process of searching for hidden threats or adversaries within network traffic using behavioral analytics, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Chaînage d’exploits ? The sequential use of multiple exploits to bypass security mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to cryptographic or P...
- Qu'est-ce que Chaîne de certificats ? An ordered sequence of certificates, from an end-entity certificate up to the root authority, each certifying the next i...
- Qu'est-ce que Chaîne de conservation ? A formal process documenting the chronological handling, transfer, and control of digital evidence, ensuring its integri...
- Qu'est-ce que Chaîne d’attaque ? A sequence of steps or techniques used by threat actors to exploit cryptographic or PKI weaknesses, progressing from ini...
- Qu'est-ce que Chemin de certification ? An ordered sequence of certificates from the end-entity certificate to a trusted root certificate, used to establish tru...
- Qu'est-ce que Chiffrement de Transport Mutuel ? Encryption mechanism where both endpoints authenticate each other and establish encrypted transport, as defined in NIST ...
- Qu'est-ce que Chiffrement du maillage de services ? End-to-end encryption of communications between services within a service mesh architecture, typically using mutual TLS ...
- Qu'est-ce que Chiffrement du Stockage Cloud ? The use of cryptographic techniques to protect data stored in cloud environments, ensuring confidentiality and integrity...
- Qu'est-ce que Chiffrement du tissu réseau ? Encryption mechanisms applied to the entire data path within a network fabric, ensuring confidentiality and integrity of...
- Qu'est-ce que Chiffrement hybride ? A cryptographic approach that combines asymmetric and symmetric encryption to leverage the advantages of both for secure...
- Qu'est-ce que Chiffrement par bloc ? A symmetric key encryption algorithm that encrypts data in fixed-size blocks, such as AES and 3DES.
- Qu'est-ce que Chronologie de l'incident ? A detailed chronological record of all events, actions, and system states related to a security incident, used for inves...
- Qu'est-ce que Classification de sécurité ? The categorization of data or assets based on sensitivity, value, and required level of protection, typically in alignme...
- Qu'est-ce que Classification des actifs ? The process of categorizing cryptographic, PKI, and related assets based on sensitivity, criticality, and regulatory req...
- Qu'est-ce que Classification des données ? The process of categorizing data based on its sensitivity, value, and the impact to the organization if disclosed, alter...
- Qu'est-ce que Classification des données ? The systematic process of categorizing information based on sensitivity, criticality, and regulatory requirements to det...
- Qu'est-ce que Cloud Privé Virtuel ? A logically isolated section of a public cloud where organizations can launch resources in a virtual network that they d...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé de l'émetteur ? The private key held by a Certificate Authority (CA) or issuer used to sign digital certificates and assert trust in a P...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé de session ? A temporary symmetric key used for a single communication session, providing confidentiality and integrity for exchanged...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé du sujet ? The cryptographic public key associated with the subject of a digital certificate, used to verify signatures or encrypt ...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé privée ? A confidential cryptographic key in an asymmetric key pair, used to sign or decrypt data, and must be kept secret to mai...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé pré-partagée ? A symmetric key distributed to and shared by parties before communication begins, commonly used in VPNs, Wi-Fi WPA2-PSK,...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé publique ? The openly distributed cryptographic key in an asymmetric key pair, used to verify digital signatures or encrypt data fo...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé symétrique ? A cryptographic key used in symmetric encryption where the same key is used for both encryption and decryption operation...
- Qu'est-ce que Clé éphémère ? A cryptographic key generated for temporary use in a single session or operation, after which it is discarded and not re...
- Qu'est-ce que Clôture d'Incident ? The formal completion and documentation of all response activities for a security incident, ensuring lessons learned and...
- Qu'est-ce que Code de conduite ? A formal set of ethical and behavioral guidelines that define acceptable and unacceptable actions for personnel within a...
- Qu'est-ce que Collecte de preuves ? The systematic process of gathering digital artifacts, logs, devices, or other data relevant to a security incident, fol...
- Qu'est-ce que Collecte forensique d’endpoint ? The process of acquiring and preserving digital evidence from cloud or on-premises endpoints in a manner consistent with...
- Qu'est-ce que Collision de hash ? An event where two different inputs produce the same output hash value from a cryptographic hash function, undermining d...
- Qu'est-ce que Comité de gouvernance ? A formal group of executives and stakeholders responsible for overseeing information security, compliance, and risk mana...
- Qu'est-ce que Comité d’audit ? A formally established group within an organization tasked with oversight of financial reporting, internal controls, ris...
- Qu'est-ce que Communication d'incident ? The timely and coordinated exchange of information about an incident’s status, impact, and response among internal teams...
- Qu'est-ce que Condensat de message ? A fixed-length, unique output value generated by applying a cryptographic hash function to a message, used for verifying...
- Qu'est-ce que Confinement de la réponse à l’incident ? The process of isolating or restricting the impact of an active security incident to prevent further spread, as describe...
- Qu'est-ce que Confinement des malwares ? Malware Containment is the set of actions and controls enacted to isolate and prevent the spread of malicious software w...
- Qu'est-ce que Confinement d’incident ? The actions taken to limit the impact of a security incident by isolating affected systems, preventing lateral movement,...
- Qu'est-ce que Confinement par isolation d'hôte ? A network defense strategy to restrict or cut off network access for a compromised or suspicious host to prevent lateral...
- Qu'est-ce que Confirmation de clé ? A cryptographic process where parties confirm to each other that they possess the same secret key, usually as a final st...
- Qu'est-ce que Conformité cryptographique ? Adherence to laws, regulations, and standards that govern cryptographic practices, algorithm usage, and key management, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Conformité légale ? The state of adhering to all applicable laws, regulations, and legal obligations relevant to an organization's business ...
- Qu'est-ce que Conformité réglementaire ? Adherence to laws, regulations, and standards applicable to the organization's operations and information security pract...
- Qu'est-ce que Conseil de surveillance ? A governing committee or group responsible for strategic direction, oversight, and monitoring of the organization’s risk...
- Qu'est-ce que Conservation des données ? The set of policies and procedures governing how long organizational data must be kept, archived, or deleted in complian...
- Qu'est-ce que Construction de chaîne ? The process of assembling a complete, ordered set of certificates from an end-entity certificate up to a trusted root, v...
- Qu'est-ce que Conteneur de clé ? A logical or physical storage area used to hold cryptographic keys, often protected by access controls and used in softw...
- Qu'est-ce que Contexte de vulnérabilité ? The operational, environmental, and architectural conditions under which a cryptographic or PKI vulnerability may be pre...
- Qu'est-ce que Continuité des activités ? A holistic management process that identifies potential threats and ensures organizational resilience by planning for co...
- Qu'est-ce que Contournement de Limite de Taux ? A technique or vulnerability where attackers evade rate limiting controls to send more requests than intended, potential...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle d'accès défaillant ? A critical security flaw where access restrictions are incorrectly implemented, enabling users to perform actions or acc...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle d'Usurpation d'Identité Utilisateur ? Mechanisms and safeguards that prevent or detect unauthorized use of a legitimate user's identity within a system or app...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle de conformité ? A specific policy, process, or technical measure implemented to ensure an organization meets applicable legal, regulator...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle de la canonicalisation des entrées ? Processes that convert various possible input formats to a standard, canonical form before validation, helping to preven...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle de la journalisation sensible ? Procedures and mechanisms to ensure that confidential or regulated information is never written to logs, reducing the ri...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle de Protection de Périmètre ? Security mechanisms (e.g., firewalls, gateways) deployed at network perimeters to monitor and filter inbound and outboun...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle de Résidence des Données ? Policies and technical mechanisms that ensure organizational data is stored, processed, and managed in specific legal or...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle des changements ? A formal process used to ensure that all modifications to systems, processes, or documents are introduced in a controlle...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle des Instances Éphémères ? Security controls and automation for governing short-lived, temporary compute instances to prevent persistence, limit at...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle d’Accès Adaptatif ? A dynamic security mechanism that adjusts access decisions in real-time based on user behavior, device health, risk cont...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle d’Accès au Stockage ? Policies and mechanisms that restrict and monitor access to data storage systems, ensuring only authorized users or appl...
- Qu'est-ce que Contrôle d’atténuation ? A technical or procedural safeguard implemented to reduce the likelihood or impact of cryptographic or PKI-related risks...
- Qu'est-ce que Coordination de la Réponse ? The structured management and collaboration among teams and stakeholders to ensure efficient containment, eradication, a...
- Qu'est-ce que Coordination de la réponse ? Response Coordination is the organized management of communication, task allocation, and resource deployment among stake...
- Qu'est-ce que Corrélation de menace ? The analytical process of aggregating and comparing multiple data points from diverse sources to identify relationships ...
- Qu'est-ce que Corrélation d’Activité Cloud ? The process of linking and analyzing disparate cloud events, logs, and telemetry to detect patterns indicative of threat...
- Qu'est-ce que Corrélation d’alertes ? Alert Correlation is the process of analyzing and linking related security alerts from different sources or systems to i...
- Qu'est-ce que Corrélation d’événements ? The process of analyzing and combining related security events from multiple sources to identify patterns indicative of ...
- Qu'est-ce que Courbe elliptique ? A type of algebraic curve used in public-key cryptography, providing strong security with smaller key sizes; the basis o...
- Qu'est-ce que Courtage de Sécurité SaaS ? A security model and technology platform that intermediates access between enterprise users and SaaS applications, enfor...
- Qu'est-ce que Courtier d’Accès Cloud ? A security policy enforcement point between cloud service users and providers that ensures enterprise security requireme...
- Qu'est-ce que Couverture de scan ? The extent to which cryptographic systems, PKI components, and related assets are included in vulnerability or configura...
- Qu'est-ce que Couverture de test ? The extent to which cryptographic or PKI system components, use cases, and controls are validated by automated or manual...
- Qu'est-ce que Cycle de vie de l'alerte ? The sequence of phases that a security alert undergoes, from initial detection and triage through investigation, escalat...
- Qu'est-ce que Cycle de Vie de l’Identité Machine ? The complete set of processes for creating, managing, renewing, and retiring machine identities (e.g., certificates, key...
D
- Qu'est-ce que Date limite de remédiation ? The maximum time allowed to fully address a vulnerability or nonconformity in PKI or cryptographic environments, as defi...
- Qu'est-ce que DDoS de la couche application ? A type of distributed denial-of-service attack that targets the application layer (OSI Layer 7) with malicious HTTP or A...
- Qu'est-ce que Demande de jeton ? A formal operation in which a client requests an authentication or authorization token from an identity provider or secu...
- Qu'est-ce que Distribution CRL ? The mechanism and locations for making Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) available to PKI participants to check the re...
- Qu'est-ce que Divulgation de vulnérabilité ? The process by which security vulnerabilities are reported to the relevant organization, vendor, or public, typically fo...
- Qu'est-ce que Divulgation d’Informations Non Intentionnelle ? The accidental or unauthorized exposure of sensitive data due to flawed application logic, misconfigurations, or insuffi...
- Qu'est-ce que Documentation d'alerte ? The detailed recording of all relevant information about a security alert, including source, analysis, actions, and outc...
- Qu'est-ce que Documentation d'Incident ? The detailed and systematic recording of all relevant information, actions, decisions, and evidence related to a cyberse...
- Qu'est-ce que Documentation des politiques ? The comprehensive collection and maintenance of all written policies, procedures, and standards governing security, risk...
- Qu'est-ce que Durée de vie de la clé ? The maximum period that a cryptographic key is allowed to be active and used for cryptographic operations before mandato...
- Qu'est-ce que Découverte d'actifs ? The process of identifying and cataloging all PKI, cryptographic, or supporting assets within an organizational environm...
- Qu'est-ce que Découverte de l'inventaire des actifs ? The process of systematically identifying, cataloging, and updating all IT and OT assets within an organization's enviro...
- Qu'est-ce que Découverte de Points de Terminaison API ? The process of identifying available API endpoints, often through automated tools or by analyzing documentation and appl...
- Qu'est-ce que Découverte de Shadow IT ? The process of identifying unauthorized or unmanaged IT systems, applications, or services within an organization, typic...
- Qu'est-ce que Défense Contre la Prise de Contrôle de Compte ? Security measures designed to detect and prevent unauthorized access to user accounts, including the use of MFA, behavio...
- Qu'est-ce que Défense contre le Credential Stuffing ? Measures and technologies to detect, block, and mitigate automated login attempts using stolen or reused username-passwo...
- Qu'est-ce que Défense contre le détournement de session ? Countermeasures and controls implemented to detect, prevent, and respond to session hijacking attacks, such as session f...
- Qu'est-ce que Déficience de contrôle ? A weakness in the design or operation of a control that prevents it from effectively mitigating risk or achieving compli...
- Qu'est-ce que Délégation du consentement OAuth ? Process by which a resource owner grants a client application delegated access to protected resources, based on explicit...
- Qu'est-ce que Déploiement de Correctif Virtuel ? The process of applying security controls, such as firewall rules or IPS signatures, to mitigate vulnerabilities without...
- Qu'est-ce que Déploiement de correctifs ? The distribution and installation of security updates to cryptographic or PKI-related systems to remediate vulnerabiliti...
- Qu'est-ce que Déploiement de Honeynet de Leurre ? The setup of a network of decoy systems and services designed to lure, detect, and analyze attacker behavior.
- Qu'est-ce que Déploiement IPsec routé ? An implementation of IPsec that leverages routing protocols to establish secure tunnels between network endpoints, suppo...
- Qu'est-ce que Dérivation de clé ? A cryptographic process for generating one or more secret keys from a shared secret or password using a deterministic fu...
- Qu'est-ce que Dérogation à la politique ? A formally approved, documented deviation from an established security policy, typically granted on a temporary basis wi...
- Qu'est-ce que Désérialisation Non Sécurisée ? A vulnerability where untrusted or tampered data is deserialized without proper validation, potentially leading to remot...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection d'anomalies ? Anomaly Detection is the process of identifying unusual patterns, events, or activities in datasets, logs, or network tr...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection d'exploitation ? The process of identifying and alerting on attempted or successful exploitation of vulnerabilities in cryptographic, PKI...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection d'incident ? The process of identifying potential or actual security incidents in an IT environment by monitoring logs, events, and n...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de bourrage d’identifiants ? The identification and mitigation of automated attacks in which attackers use lists of compromised credentials to gain u...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de canal furtif ? The identification and monitoring of unauthorized communication channels that exploit legitimate network protocols or re...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de chemin latéral ? The process of identifying unauthorized lateral movement within a network, typically by monitoring for abnormal access o...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de Dérive de Configuration ? The automated identification of unintended changes in system configurations from an approved baseline, used to prevent p...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de falsification de données ? Mechanisms and monitoring used to detect unauthorized or malicious modification of data in storage, transit, or processi...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de Menaces en Ligne ? Real-time inspection of network traffic by security appliances placed directly in the data path to identify and block th...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de Secrets Statiques ? The process of identifying hardcoded or unchanging secrets such as API keys or passwords within source code or binaries.
- Qu'est-ce que Détection de tunnel DNS ? The process of monitoring and identifying covert data exfiltration or command-and-control channels hidden within DNS que...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection d’Attaque par Rejeu ? A security mechanism to identify and block attempts where valid data transmissions are maliciously repeated or delayed, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection d’incident ? The process of identifying and confirming security events indicating unauthorized activity or compromise of cryptographi...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection et Réponse Endpoint ? A cybersecurity solution that monitors, detects, and responds to threats on endpoint devices in real time, integrating t...
- Qu'est-ce que Détection et Réponse Gérées ? A managed security service that provides continuous threat monitoring, detection, investigation, and active response to ...
E
- Qu'est-ce que Encapsulation de Fonction Serverless ? The security practice of encapsulating serverless functions within wrappers or middleware to enforce policy, perform inp...
- Qu'est-ce que Enregistrement de Session Privilégiée ? The logging and monitoring of all actions performed during privileged sessions, such as administrative or root access, t...
- Qu'est-ce que Enrichissement des alertes ? The process of adding contextual information to security alerts, such as asset details, user context, or threat intellig...
- Qu'est-ce que Enrobage de clé ? The process of encrypting one cryptographic key with another key to securely transport or store keys, typically used for...
- Qu'est-ce que Enveloppe numérique ? A mechanism in cryptography where a message is encrypted with a symmetric key and the symmetric key is then encrypted wi...
- Qu'est-ce que Escalade d'alerte ? The process of forwarding a security alert to higher-level analysts or decision makers when the event exceeds the curren...
- Qu'est-ce que Escalade de Cas ? The process of transferring a security incident or case to a higher-level team or authority due to severity, complexity,...
- Qu'est-ce que Escalade d’incident ? The formal process of transferring a detected security incident to higher-level personnel or specialized teams for furth...
- Qu'est-ce que Escrow de clé ? A key management process in which cryptographic keys are held in escrow by a trusted third party, enabling recovery unde...
- Qu'est-ce que Exception de correctif ? A formally documented decision to temporarily or permanently not apply a specific patch to a PKI or cryptographic system...
- Qu'est-ce que Exercice Tabletop ? A discussion-based incident response simulation where team members review and role-play their actions and decisions for ...
- Qu'est-ce que Exploitation de l’assignation massive ? A vulnerability where an attacker assigns values to object properties that should not be directly set by the user, often...
- Qu'est-ce que Exposition d'identifiants ? The unauthorized disclosure or leak of authentication credentials or cryptographic secrets (such as private keys or cert...
- Qu'est-ce que Exposition de données sensibles ? A risk where confidential or regulated data is unintentionally disclosed through insecure APIs, weak encryption, or impr...
- Qu'est-ce que Exposition de Fonction Sensible ? A flaw where critical application functions, such as admin features or payment operations, are accessible to unauthorize...
- Qu'est-ce que Exposition excessive de données ? A security weakness where APIs expose more data than necessary to clients, increasing the risk of sensitive information ...
- Qu'est-ce que Exposition à l'exploitation ? The state in which PKI or cryptographic systems are vulnerable to a known exploit, due to unpatched or misconfigured com...
- Qu'est-ce que Exposition à la menace ? The degree to which a PKI or cryptographic system is vulnerable or visible to potential threat actors, based on controls...
- Qu'est-ce que Extraction de clé ? The process of obtaining a cryptographic key from a hardware or software source, typically for backup, migration, or for...
F
- Qu'est-ce que Faiblesse de contrôle ? A flaw, gap, or insufficient strength in technical or procedural controls that may allow threats to compromise cryptogra...
- Qu'est-ce que Fatigue des alertes ? Alert Fatigue is a condition in which security analysts become desensitized or overwhelmed due to excessive or repetitiv...
- Qu'est-ce que Fenêtre d’exploitation ? The period between public disclosure of a cryptographic or PKI vulnerability and the application of effective remediatio...
- Qu'est-ce que Fenêtre d’exposition ? The time period during which cryptographic or PKI assets remain susceptible to exploitation due to the existence of unpa...
- Qu'est-ce que Filtrage du Trafic Sortant ? The process of monitoring and controlling outgoing network traffic to block unauthorized, malicious, or policy-violating...
- Qu'est-ce que Filtrage du vecteur d'accès ? A network defense technique that restricts or monitors traffic based on access vectors such as protocol, port, and direc...
- Qu'est-ce que Flux de remédiation ? Remediation Workflow is a structured, documented process for addressing and resolving identified security issues or inci...
- Qu'est-ce que Flux de réponse ? A formalized, step-by-step sequence of procedures and roles that guide the incident response process from detection thro...
- Qu'est-ce que Flux de travail de remédiation ? A formalized sequence of steps for resolving cryptographic or PKI vulnerabilities, including assignment, tracking, verif...
- Qu'est-ce que Flux de Travail d’Incident ? A structured sequence of tasks and escalation steps followed during the lifecycle of a security incident, from detection...
- Qu'est-ce que Flux d’authentification défaillant ? A security flaw in authentication workflows allowing users to bypass, disrupt, or abuse login and identity verification ...
- Qu'est-ce que Formation de sensibilisation ? Education provided to personnel to raise awareness about security risks, threats, and safe practices, often as part of c...
- Qu'est-ce que Formation à la sécurité ? Instructional activities designed to equip personnel with the knowledge and skills to recognize, prevent, and respond to...
- Qu'est-ce que Fournisseur de sécurité managée ? An external organization that delivers outsourced security monitoring, management, and incident response services for cl...
- Qu'est-ce que Fréquence de scan ? The rate at which cryptographic assets or PKI-enabled systems are scanned or assessed for vulnerabilities, exposures, or...
- Qu'est-ce que Fédération de Cloud Hybride ? The operational model enabling secure interoperability and resource management across multiple private and public cloud ...
G
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion automatisée des correctifs ? A systematic approach that uses software tools to automatically identify, acquire, test, and deploy security patches acr...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion d'incident ? A structured set of procedures used by security teams to address, manage, and resolve cybersecurity incidents, including...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion d'Incident ? The comprehensive process of managing a cybersecurity incident from initial detection through analysis, containment, era...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion de crise ? Coordinated organizational actions and communication aimed at containing, resolving, and recovering from severe security...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion de l'Enrôlement des Appareils ? The process of registering and configuring devices to ensure compliance with security policies before granting access to...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion de la Conformité ? The coordinated set of processes and controls designed to ensure adherence to legal, regulatory, and internal policy req...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des cas ? The process of documenting, tracking, and resolving security incidents or investigations within a structured platform, e...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des Certificats d’Appareil ? The process of issuing, deploying, renewing, and revoking digital certificates used to authenticate and secure devices w...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des clés ? The set of processes and mechanisms for generating, distributing, storing, using, rotating, archiving, and destroying cr...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des clés ? The set of processes and mechanisms used for the secure generation, distribution, storage, rotation, and destruction of ...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des correctifs ? A formal process for the identification, acquisition, testing, and deployment of patches to correct vulnerabilities in c...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des Droits d’Infrastructure ? A process and toolset for discovering, controlling, and auditing permissions and access rights across cloud and hybrid i...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des exceptions ? A formal process for documenting, assessing, approving, and monitoring deviations from standard policies or controls, en...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des exceptions ? The systematic process of identifying, logging, resolving, and reporting deviations from expected information security o...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des Identités Privilégiées ? A security discipline and toolset focused on discovering, controlling, and monitoring accounts with elevated access righ...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des incidents ? A structured process for identifying, assessing, responding to, and recovering from security incidents to minimize impac...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des incidents ? A coordinated set of processes and tools for identifying, assessing, responding to, tracking, and resolving security inc...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des requêtes préliminaires ? The process of managing HTTP preflight requests (OPTIONS method) sent by browsers to check CORS permissions before the a...
- Qu'est-ce que Gestion des rôles ? The process of defining, assigning, and controlling user roles and associated privileges within systems to enforce least...
- Qu'est-ce que Gouvernance des données ? The assignment of responsibility for the management, oversight, and protection of data assets to designated individuals ...
- Qu'est-ce que Grille de Tromperie Distribuée ? A security architecture that uses distributed decoys, honeypots, and lures throughout the network or cloud to detect, de...
- Qu'est-ce que Génération de nonce ? The process of generating a unique, unpredictable, and usually random number (nonce) used once per cryptographic protoco...
H
- Qu'est-ce que Horodatage ? The process of recording the exact date and time that a digital document or transaction was created or signed, often wit...
- Qu'est-ce que Horodatage des paquets ? The process of attaching accurate time information to network packets for logging, monitoring, forensic analysis, and la...
I
- Qu'est-ce que IAM du Fournisseur Cloud ? Identity and access management systems and controls provided by cloud service vendors, enabling secure authentication, a...
- Qu'est-ce que Identifiant d'émetteur ? A unique value or distinguished name that identifies the Certificate Authority (CA) or entity that issues a digital cert...
- Qu'est-ce que Impact sur la Vie Privée ? The effect of a process, project, or system on the privacy of individuals, often measured and documented through a forma...
- Qu'est-ce que Impact sur l’activité ? The effect or consequence an incident, risk, or change has on an organization's operations, assets, individuals, or repu...
- Qu'est-ce que Importation de clé ? The process of securely bringing a cryptographic key into a software or hardware cryptographic module, typically in comp...
- Qu'est-ce que Indicateur de risque ? A measurable signal or metric used to identify, quantify, or monitor risks affecting cryptographic or PKI assets, suppor...
- Qu'est-ce que Informatique Légale ? The discipline of identifying, preserving, analyzing, and documenting digital evidence from electronic devices to suppor...
- Qu'est-ce que Infrastructure PKI ? A system of hardware, software, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store, and revoke di...
- Qu'est-ce que Ingénierie de Détection ? The discipline of designing, implementing, and tuning security monitoring rules, analytics, and automation to identify t...
- Qu'est-ce que Injection de Processus ? A technique used by attackers or legitimate tools to inject code into the address space of another process, enabling cod...
- Qu'est-ce que Inspection du Trafic Chiffré ? A process that enables the examination of encrypted network traffic to detect threats, enforce policies, and prevent dat...
- Qu'est-ce que Instrumentation dynamique du code ? The process of inserting monitoring hooks or logic into running code to analyze application behavior, detect anomalies, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Introspection du Jeton OAuth ? A protocol mechanism defined in RFC 7662 that allows resource servers to query an authorization server about the status ...
- Qu'est-ce que Intégration du service d’attestation ? The process of connecting systems to trusted attestation services that validate the integrity and security posture of cl...
- Qu'est-ce que Inventaire des actifs ? A comprehensive list of all information assets within an organization, including hardware, software, data, and supportin...
- Qu'est-ce que Inventaire des actifs ? A comprehensive, up-to-date record of all hardware, software, certificates, cryptographic modules, and other PKI-relevan...
- Qu'est-ce que Inventaire des actifs inadéquat ? A failure to maintain a complete, accurate, and up-to-date list of all hardware, software, and cloud assets, leading to ...
- Qu'est-ce que Inventaire des attaques ? A comprehensive, regularly updated list or database of all known attack techniques, tools, or vectors relevant to crypto...
- Qu'est-ce que Investigation d'alerte ? The structured process of examining the source, context, and impact of a security alert to determine its validity, root ...
- Qu'est-ce que Investigation d’Alerte ? The process of analyzing and validating security alerts to determine their legitimacy, scope, and required response acti...
- Qu'est-ce que Investigation d’incident ? A systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and documenting evidence to determine the cause, impact, and scope of a s...
- Qu'est-ce que Isolation du Navigateur à Distance ? A security technique in which a user’s web browsing session is executed on a remote server, isolating all web content fr...
- Qu'est-ce que Isolation du Runtime de Conteneur ? A set of controls and configurations that ensure each running container is logically and physically separated from other...
- Qu'est-ce que Isolation inter-locataires ? Security controls that strictly separate data, processes, and resources among different tenants in multi-tenant cloud or...
- Qu'est-ce que Isolement de l’Hôte ? The process of removing a compromised or suspicious host from the network to prevent lateral movement and further compro...
- Qu'est-ce que Isolement des sessions privilégiées ? The separation and monitoring of administrative sessions from standard user sessions to prevent misuse of privileged acc...
- Qu'est-ce que Isolement du Système Invité ? The practice of isolating virtual machines (guests) from each other and from the host system to prevent unauthorized acc...
J
- Qu'est-ce que Jeton matériel ? A physical device, such as a USB or smart card, used to store cryptographic keys and perform authentication or signing o...
- Qu'est-ce que Journalisation d'audit ? The process of recording security-related events, operations, or accesses within a cryptographic or PKI environment to p...
- Qu'est-ce que Journalisation d'audit ? The systematic recording of events and user actions in information systems to enable traceability, accountability, and f...
- Qu'est-ce que Journalisation d'incident ? The systematic recording of incident details, timelines, actions taken, and outcomes to ensure transparency, facilitate ...
- Qu'est-ce que Journalisation des événements de sécurité ? The systematic recording of security-related activities, alerts, and incidents within systems or networks to support det...
- Qu'est-ce que Journalisation d’Activité Cloud ? The process of capturing, storing, and analyzing logs of user actions, system events, and resource access within cloud e...
L
- Qu'est-ce que Lacune de sécurité ? A missing or insufficient security control in cryptographic or PKI systems that exposes assets to risk, noncompliance, o...
- Qu'est-ce que Lacune réglementaire ? Any deficiency or mismatch between current organizational controls, policies, or processes and those required by relevan...
- Qu'est-ce que Liaison de jeton ? A security mechanism where cryptographic tokens are cryptographically bound to a TLS connection, ensuring that tokens ca...
- Qu'est-ce que Liaison du jeton de session ? A security mechanism that cryptographically ties a session token to a specific user device or connection context, preven...
- Qu'est-ce que Ligne d’éthique ? A confidential reporting mechanism that allows employees and third parties to report ethical or compliance concerns anon...
- Qu'est-ce que Limitation de débit inappropriée ? A security weakness where APIs or web services do not sufficiently restrict the frequency or volume of requests, allowin...
- Qu'est-ce que Limitation du débit d’API ? A security control mechanism that restricts the number of API requests from a user or client within a specified timefram...
- Qu'est-ce que Limite de confiance tierce ? A defined security demarcation between an organization’s internal systems and those of third-party entities, used to enf...
- Qu'est-ce que Liste de contrôle d'accès ? A table or data structure used to specify permissions attached to system objects, defining which users or processes are ...
- Qu'est-ce que Liste de révocation JWT ? A security control that maintains a list of invalidated JSON Web Tokens (JWTs), preventing previously issued tokens from...
- Qu'est-ce que Liste des exploits ? An authoritative and frequently updated catalog of all known exploits that could target cryptographic or PKI assets, inc...
M
- Qu'est-ce que Magasin de confiance ? A repository of trusted root and intermediate certificates used by applications and systems to verify the authenticity o...
- Qu'est-ce que Magasin racine ? A trusted repository of root CA certificates used by operating systems and applications to validate the trustworthiness ...
- Qu'est-ce que Maillage de Sécurité des Microservices ? A distributed security framework that provides consistent identity, policy enforcement, and encrypted communication acro...
- Qu'est-ce que Mappage d'identité fédérée ? A process that links a user’s identity and credentials across multiple trusted identity providers, enabling Single Sign-...
- Qu'est-ce que Mappage de politique ? The process in PKI where certificate policies from one CA are mapped to equivalent policies in another, allowing interop...
- Qu'est-ce que Matrice des Risques ? A graphical tool that maps risk likelihood and impact to prioritize mitigation and support risk management decisions.
- Qu'est-ce que Maturité des contrôles ? A measure of how well an internal control is designed, implemented, and operating as intended to mitigate risk and meet ...
- Qu'est-ce que Mauvais Contrôle du Cache ? Failure to configure cache settings securely, leading to the unintended storage or exposure of sensitive data in shared ...
- Qu'est-ce que Mauvaise configuration de sécurité ? A common vulnerability where systems, servers, or applications are deployed with insecure default settings, incomplete c...
- Qu'est-ce que Mauvaise configuration de sécurité ? A failure to implement correct or secure settings in cryptographic, PKI, or network assets, resulting in exposure to exp...
- Qu'est-ce que Mauvaise Gestion des Erreurs ? Failure to securely process or sanitize application errors, leading to information disclosure or security bypass opportu...
- Qu'est-ce que Minimisation des données ? The principle and practice of limiting personal or sensitive data collection, processing, and retention to only what is ...
- Qu'est-ce que Miroir du Trafic Cloud ? A cloud-native capability that duplicates network traffic to analysis tools for monitoring, threat detection, and compli...
- Qu'est-ce que Modelage adaptatif de paquets ? A dynamic network management technique that adjusts packet flows based on real-time bandwidth, latency, or application p...
- Qu'est-ce que Module de Plateforme de Confiance ? A hardware security chip designed to securely store cryptographic keys, certificates, and perform integrity checks to en...
- Qu'est-ce que Modèle de certificat ? A predefined configuration for certificate attributes and extensions, used by CAs to automate and standardize certificat...
- Qu'est-ce que Modèle de gouvernance ? A documented structure that defines roles, responsibilities, decision-making processes, and authority for managing infor...
- Qu'est-ce que Modélisation des chemins d'attaque ? The systematic mapping and simulation of possible routes an adversary might take to compromise assets, used to assess ri...
- Qu'est-ce que Modélisation des menaces ? A structured methodology to identify, analyze, and address potential threats and vulnerabilities in information systems ...
- Qu'est-ce que Modélisation des menaces ? A structured process for identifying, prioritizing, and evaluating potential threats and vulnerabilities to an organizat...
- Qu'est-ce que Modélisation des menaces ? A structured process to identify, categorize, and prioritize potential threats to cryptographic systems or PKI deploymen...
- Qu'est-ce que Moteur d'analyse ? A dedicated software module or appliance that performs automated vulnerability, compliance, or configuration scans on cr...
- Qu'est-ce que Moteur de classification du trafic ? A system or module that automatically identifies, categorizes, and labels network traffic based on protocols, applicatio...
- Qu'est-ce que Moteur de menace ? An automated software module that aggregates, analyzes, and correlates threat intelligence related to cryptographic or P...
- Qu'est-ce que Mécanisme de Déconnexion Incorrect ? A logout process that fails to fully invalidate all session tokens and authentication artifacts, allowing potential sess...
- Qu'est-ce que Métrique d’exposition ? A quantitative value representing the degree of risk, visibility, or attack surface present in PKI or cryptographic asse...
N
- Qu'est-ce que Niveau de fonction compromis ? An API vulnerability where improper function-level authorization allows attackers to access or execute functions beyond ...
- Qu'est-ce que Niveau d’objet compromis ? A critical API vulnerability where improper access controls allow attackers to manipulate or access objects belonging to...
- Qu'est-ce que Nom du sujet ? The distinguished name (DN) in a digital certificate that uniquely identifies the certificate holder or entity, as speci...
- Qu'est-ce que Notation des risques ? The quantitative or qualitative assignment of a value to a risk, based on the likelihood and impact of vulnerabilities w...
- Qu'est-ce que Notice de confidentialité ? A formal document that informs individuals about how their personal data is collected, used, stored, and protected by th...
- Qu'est-ce que Notification de menace ? Official communication to stakeholders regarding the discovery or presence of a specific cyber threat, often required by...
- Qu'est-ce que Notification de risque ? A formal alert generated to inform stakeholders of emerging or realized PKI or cryptographic risks, often automated with...
- Qu'est-ce que Notification de sécurité ? The formal process of communicating significant security events or incident statuses to designated stakeholders or regul...
- Qu'est-ce que Notification de Violation ? The formal process of informing affected parties, regulators, and other stakeholders about a confirmed data breach, in a...
- Qu'est-ce que Notification d’incident ? The act of formally informing stakeholders, management, or regulatory bodies about a detected or ongoing security incide...
O
- Qu'est-ce que Objectif de contrôle ? A specific statement of the desired result or purpose that a control is intended to achieve, forming the basis for asses...
- Qu'est-ce que Objet direct non sécurisé ? A vulnerability where applications expose internal object references, such as file or database keys, directly to users w...
- Qu'est-ce que Obsolescence de version d’API ? The process and risk associated with retiring or deprecating old API versions, often resulting in unsupported endpoints ...
- Qu'est-ce que OCSP stapling ? A TLS extension that allows servers to send a time-stamped OCSP response for their certificate during handshake, improvi...
- Qu'est-ce que Opérations de Déception Cyber ? Deliberate use of decoys, traps, and misinformation within an organization's environment to detect, divert, and analyze ...
- Qu'est-ce que Opérations de sécurité ? All coordinated activities performed in a Security Operations Center (SOC) to monitor, detect, investigate, and respond ...
- Qu'est-ce que Oracle aléatoire ? A theoretical black box model that responds to every unique query with a truly random response, used as an idealized com...
- Qu'est-ce que Orchestration de la Sécurité ? The automated coordination and integration of security tools, processes, and workflows to accelerate response and improv...
- Qu'est-ce que Orchestration de réponse adaptative ? The automated coordination and execution of security responses that dynamically adjust based on incident severity and co...
- Qu'est-ce que Origine de route BGP ? The original source Autonomous System (AS) that advertises a specific IP prefix into the global BGP routing table, valid...
P
- Qu'est-ce que Paire de clés ? A set of two mathematically linked cryptographic keys, typically consisting of a public key for encryption/verification ...
- Qu'est-ce que Partage automatisé d’indicateurs ? The automatic exchange of cyber threat indicators between organizations and trusted partners using standardized formats ...
- Qu'est-ce que Partage de ressources inapproprié ? A security risk where system resources are shared without proper isolation or access controls, leading to unintended dat...
- Qu'est-ce que Passerelle de Chiffrement Cloud ? A security appliance or service that encrypts sensitive data before it is transferred to cloud services, ensuring confid...
- Qu'est-ce que Passerelle de Courriel Sécurisée ? A dedicated security appliance or cloud service that monitors, filters, and blocks malicious email content (spam, phishi...
- Qu'est-ce que Passerelle de frontière sécurisée ? A security-hardened network device or configuration that manages and filters traffic entering or leaving the network per...
- Qu'est-ce que Passerelle de Service Honeypot ? A dedicated network gateway or proxy that directs traffic to and from honeypot resources, isolating deceptive assets fro...
- Qu'est-ce que Passerelle de Sécurité API ? A dedicated service or device that provides centralized security controls for APIs, including authentication, authorizat...
- Qu'est-ce que Passerelle d’Accès à Distance ? A secured network device or service that brokers and controls remote user access to internal organizational resources, e...
- Qu'est-ce que Paysage des menaces ? The evolving set of potential threats, adversary capabilities, and attack vectors relevant to cryptographic and PKI ecos...
- Qu'est-ce que Personne Concernée ? An individual whose personal data is collected, held or processed by a data controller or processor as defined by privac...
- Qu'est-ce que Perte de Données ? The unintended or unauthorized destruction, corruption, or loss of data, potentially resulting in business disruption or...
- Qu'est-ce que Piste d’audit ? A chronological record of system activities and user actions, providing documented evidence to support accountability, t...
- Qu'est-ce que Piste d’audit insuffisante ? A deficiency in logging or tracking system activities that undermines the ability to reconstruct security events, invest...
- Qu'est-ce que Pivotement en Cyberveille ? The analytic process of using one indicator (such as an IP, domain, or hash) as a starting point to discover related thr...
- Qu'est-ce que Plan de remédiation ? A formal strategy that outlines actions, responsibilities, and timelines to correct identified security or compliance de...
- Qu'est-ce que Plan de Remédiation ? A documented set of actions designed to eliminate the root cause and effects of a security incident, restore affected sy...
- Qu'est-ce que Plan de remédiation ? A documented set of actions, responsibilities, and timelines designed to resolve identified cryptographic or PKI vulnera...
- Qu'est-ce que Plan de Réduction ? A documented strategy detailing specific actions and controls to reduce the likelihood or impact of identified risks.
- Qu'est-ce que Plan de Réponse ? A documented strategy outlining procedures, roles, responsibilities, and communications for responding to cybersecurity ...
- Qu'est-ce que Plan de surveillance ? A documented approach outlining processes, tools, and responsibilities for continuously observing and assessing security...
- Qu'est-ce que Planification de la résilience ? The strategic process of designing and implementing measures to ensure an organization can adapt, recover, and continue ...
- Qu'est-ce que Plateforme de confiance ? A computing environment equipped with hardware and software components (e.g., TPM, secure boot) designed to ensure integ...
- Qu'est-ce que Plateforme de Protection des Charges de Travail ? A cloud-native security solution that provides visibility and real-time protection for workloads—such as virtual machine...
- Qu'est-ce que Playbook de chasse aux menaces ? A documented, repeatable procedure outlining hypothesis-driven threat hunting steps, data sources, detection logic, and ...
- Qu'est-ce que Playbook de Sécurité ? A documented set of repeatable incident response procedures and decision trees tailored to specific threat scenarios or ...
- Qu'est-ce que Point de décision de politique ? A logical component in access control architectures (e.g., ABAC, RBAC) that evaluates access requests against policy rul...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de certificat ? A set of rules and practices that indicates the applicability of a certificate to a particular community or class of app...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de délivrance ? A formal document or set of rules that defines the procedures and requirements for issuing digital certificates within a...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de gestion des identifiants ? A formal set of rules and procedures for creating, storing, rotating, and revoking authentication credentials to ensure ...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Liste Blanche des Applications ? A security control that restricts the execution of software to only pre-approved applications, preventing unauthorized o...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Microsegmentation ? A granular security approach that divides networks into isolated segments at the workload or application level, enforcin...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Microsegmentation ? A set of rules that define fine-grained network zones and enforce isolation between workloads to limit lateral movement.
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Pare-feu de l’Hôte ? A defined set of rules and configurations that control inbound and outbound network traffic at the individual host or VM...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Partage des Ressources ? A set of security rules and access controls governing how digital resources such as data, storage, and APIs are shared a...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Quarantaine des Endpoints ? A defined set of rules for isolating endpoints that exhibit suspicious or non-compliant behavior to prevent them from ac...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Quarantaine des Endpoints ? A formalized set of procedures and controls for isolating endpoints exhibiting signs of compromise or non-compliance fro...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de rétention ? A documented set of rules defining how long information or records must be retained to comply with regulatory, legal, or...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de signature ? A set of technical and procedural requirements governing the creation, validation, and management of digital signatures ...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique de Sécurité Sans Serveur ? A set of security controls and guidelines specifically designed to protect serverless computing architectures by restric...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique d’Accès Conditionnel ? A security rule that grants or blocks access to resources based on specific conditions such as user location, device pos...
- Qu'est-ce que Politique d’Isolation des Charges de Travail ? A security policy that enforces strict logical and sometimes physical separation of workloads to prevent unauthorized ac...
- Qu'est-ce que Pollution des paramètres HTTP ? A web security vulnerability where multiple HTTP parameters with the same name are sent in a single request, potentially...
- Qu'est-ce que Port Knocking Dynamique ? A security technique requiring a dynamic, pre-defined sequence of connection attempts to specific ports before granting ...
- Qu'est-ce que Posture de sécurité ? The overall status of an organization’s cybersecurity policies, controls, capabilities, and readiness to detect, prevent...
- Qu'est-ce que Posture de Sécurité Cloud ? The overall security status and configuration of cloud services, assets, and workloads in accordance with organizational...
- Qu'est-ce que Preuve de remédiation ? Documented proof that a PKI or cryptographic vulnerability or deficiency has been addressed and corrective actions were ...
- Qu'est-ce que Preuve d’atténuation ? Documented proof that specific technical or administrative actions have effectively addressed and reduced the risk of cr...
- Qu'est-ce que Priorisation des alertes ? The process of ranking and categorizing security alerts based on risk, relevance, and organizational impact, to enable e...
- Qu'est-ce que Priorisation des incidents ? The classification and ranking of security incidents based on risk, severity, and potential business impact to determine...
- Qu'est-ce que Priorisation des risques ? The process of ranking identified risks based on their likelihood, potential impact, and organizational risk appetite to...
- Qu'est-ce que Priorisation des risques ? The structured process of ranking risks to cryptographic and PKI systems based on likelihood, impact, and exposure, to g...
- Qu'est-ce que Priorisation des vulnérabilités ? The process of ranking discovered cryptographic and PKI vulnerabilities according to risk, exploitability, business impa...
- Qu'est-ce que Processeur cryptographique ? A hardware device or chip specifically designed to perform cryptographic operations such as encryption, decryption, sign...
- Qu'est-ce que Processus d'Enquête ? A structured series of analytical steps undertaken by security teams to determine the scope, cause, and impact of a cybe...
- Qu'est-ce que Processus de contrôle ? A series of coordinated actions and procedures implemented to manage and mitigate risk by enforcing policies and securit...
- Qu'est-ce que Processus de Validation HMAC ? A procedure using Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) to verify data integrity and authenticity during transmi...
- Qu'est-ce que Profilage du trafic anormal ? The identification and categorization of network traffic patterns that deviate from established baselines to detect pote...
- Qu'est-ce que Propriété des données ? The formal assignment of authority and accountability for data assets to specific individuals or roles within an organiz...
- Qu'est-ce que Propriété du risque ? The assignment of accountability and authority for managing identified risks to a specific individual or organizational ...
- Qu'est-ce que Protection au niveau de l'interface ? A security control that enforces policy, filtering, or access restrictions at a specific network interface, segmenting a...
- Qu'est-ce que Protection contre la relecture de session ? Controls and mechanisms designed to prevent attackers from capturing and reusing legitimate session tokens or data packe...
- Qu'est-ce que Protection contre la relecture du texte chiffré ? A security mechanism that detects and blocks the reuse of captured ciphertext to prevent replay attacks in encrypted com...
- Qu'est-ce que Protection Contre le Sabotage des Points d’Accès ? A security feature that prevents unauthorized users or malware from disabling, modifying, or bypassing endpoint security...
- Qu'est-ce que Protection Contre les Menaces API ? A set of security mechanisms designed to detect, block, and mitigate malicious activity targeting application programmin...
- Qu'est-ce que Protection des Métadonnées d’Instance ? A security control that prevents unauthorized access to the metadata service of virtual machine or container instances, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Protocole de Fédération d’Identité ? A standardized mechanism allowing multiple organizations or domains to securely share and validate user identities using...
- Qu'est-ce que Protocole d’Attestation à Distance ? A cryptographic protocol that enables a verifier to remotely validate the integrity and trustworthiness of a device or s...
- Qu'est-ce que Provisionnement des utilisateurs ? The process of creating, managing, and assigning user accounts and privileges within an organization's IT systems in acc...
- Qu'est-ce que Proxy de terminaison TLS ? A network device or service that decrypts incoming TLS traffic at the network edge, forwarding unencrypted traffic inter...
- Qu'est-ce que Proxy sensibilisé à l'identité ? A security proxy that enforces access controls and authentication based on user or device identity before allowing acces...
- Qu'est-ce que Préparation aux incidents ? The proactive state of an organization’s people, processes, and technology to efficiently detect, respond to, and recove...
- Qu'est-ce que Préparation à la Réponse ? The state of preparedness of personnel, processes, and technology to quickly and effectively respond to cybersecurity in...
- Qu'est-ce que Préservation des preuves ? The controlled process of securing, documenting, and protecting digital or physical evidence to maintain integrity for i...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention de la dissémination des secrets ? The implementation of processes and tools to prevent sensitive secrets—such as API keys, credentials, and certificates—f...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention de la Perte de Données ? A suite of technologies and policies designed to detect, monitor, and prevent the unauthorized transmission or disclosur...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention de la Relecture de Jeton ? Security controls and techniques that ensure tokens, such as authentication or session tokens, cannot be reused by attac...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention de l’Évasion de Conteneur ? Security controls and mechanisms implemented to prevent processes within a container from breaching isolation boundaries...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention des exploits ? A set of technical and procedural controls to proactively prevent exploitation of vulnerabilities in cryptographic and P...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention des fuites de jetons ? Measures and controls implemented to prevent authentication or authorization tokens from being inadvertently exposed, in...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention des Intrusions Hôte ? A security solution deployed on host systems to proactively detect, block, and log malicious activity, such as exploits ...
- Qu'est-ce que Prévention des Mouvements Latéraux ? Techniques and controls designed to detect and stop an adversary’s efforts to move laterally within a network after init...
- Qu'est-ce que Périmètre Défini par Logiciel ? A cybersecurity framework that dynamically creates one-to-one network connections between users and resources using iden...
- Qu'est-ce que Période de validité ? The designated timeframe during which a cryptographic certificate or key is considered valid and trusted for use, after ...
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- Qu'est-ce que Randomisation des ports éphémères ? A technique where ephemeral (temporary) TCP/UDP ports are assigned randomly to reduce the risk of port prediction attack...
- Qu'est-ce que Rapport de conformité ? The process of preparing and delivering evidence-based reports to demonstrate adherence to regulatory, legal, and contra...
- Qu'est-ce que Rapport de remédiation ? A formal document detailing the corrective actions taken to address identified cryptographic or PKI vulnerabilities, inc...
- Qu'est-ce que Rapport sur les risques ? The process of collecting, analyzing, and communicating information about risk exposures, controls, and mitigation activ...
- Qu'est-ce que Recherche d'exploits ? The investigative process of analyzing, discovering, and documenting methods by which vulnerabilities in PKI or cryptogr...
- Qu'est-ce que Registre des risques ? A central repository listing identified organizational risks, their likelihood, impact, mitigation actions, and responsi...
- Qu'est-ce que Rejeu d’attaque ? The process of re-enacting a recorded or theoretical attack vector against PKI or cryptographic systems to test detectio...
- Qu'est-ce que Rejeu d’attaque ? A controlled reproduction of a previously observed or simulated attack scenario targeting cryptographic or PKI assets, u...
- Qu'est-ce que Remplissage de signature ? A method of formatting a message or hash before digital signature creation, used to prevent certain attacks and ensure c...
- Qu'est-ce que Remédiation Basée sur les Politiques ? Automated or manual corrective actions triggered by predefined policies to mitigate detected security incidents or confi...
- Qu'est-ce que Renouvellement de certificat ? The process of issuing a new certificate for an entity before the expiration of the current certificate, maintaining con...
- Qu'est-ce que Renseignement sur les menaces ? Evidence-based knowledge about existing and emerging threats, derived from analysis of indicators, adversary behavior, a...
- Qu'est-ce que Renseignement sur les menaces ? Curated, actionable knowledge regarding cryptographic or PKI-related threats, including adversary tactics, relevant indi...
- Qu'est-ce que Renseignement sur les menaces cloud ? The process of gathering, analyzing, and operationalizing information about cloud-specific threats, adversary tactics, a...
- Qu'est-ce que Renseignement sur les Menaces des Points d’Accès ? The real-time collection and analysis of threat indicators and adversary tactics from endpoint devices to enhance detect...
- Qu'est-ce que Reprise de session ? A TLS or secure channel mechanism that enables clients and servers to reuse a previously negotiated session state for fa...
- Qu'est-ce que Respect des politiques ? The degree to which organizational personnel follow established internal policies, procedures, and standards.
- Qu'est-ce que Restriction d'API Privilégiée ? Controls that limit access to sensitive API endpoints or functions to only those users or services with explicit privile...
- Qu'est-ce que Restriction d'Audience JWT ? A security control ensuring a JWT token is only accepted by the intended recipients (audiences), preventing token reuse ...
- Qu'est-ce que Retour en arrière de correctif ? The process of reverting cryptographic or PKI system components to a previous version when a deployed patch introduces i...
- Qu'est-ce que Revue d'incident ? A structured post-incident process for evaluating the effectiveness of detection, response, and recovery measures to ide...
- Qu'est-ce que Revue de direction ? A formal evaluation conducted by senior management to assess the adequacy and effectiveness of security, compliance, and...
- Qu'est-ce que Revue de Politique ? A formal and systematic evaluation of organizational policies to ensure their adequacy, effectiveness, and compliance wi...
- Qu'est-ce que Revue de Politique ? A formal and systematic evaluation of organizational policies to ensure their adequacy, effectiveness, and compliance wi...
- Qu'est-ce que Revue des Contrôles ? An assessment of security controls to determine their effectiveness, adequacy, and proper implementation within the orga...
- Qu'est-ce que Revue réglementaire ? A systematic evaluation of processes, policies, and controls to ensure alignment with applicable regulatory requirements...
- Qu'est-ce que Risque réglementaire ? The potential for losses or legal penalties resulting from non-compliance with laws, regulations, or mandatory standards...
- Qu'est-ce que Risque tiers ? The exposure to potential harm or loss resulting from external vendors, suppliers, contractors, or service providers who...
- Qu'est-ce que Rotation Automatique des Clés ? A security control that automatically replaces cryptographic keys at predefined intervals to minimize the risk of key co...
- Qu'est-ce que Rotation de clé ? The scheduled process of replacing cryptographic keys with new keys to limit the period a compromised key can be misused...
- Qu'est-ce que Rotation des clés ? The scheduled or event-driven replacement of cryptographic keys in a system to reduce exposure from key compromise and e...
- Qu'est-ce que Rotation des clés API ? The operational practice of periodically replacing and invalidating existing API keys to minimize the risk of key compro...
- Qu'est-ce que Réassemblage de fragments IP ? The process of reconstructing fragmented IP packets into their original form for delivery, inspection, or security analy...
- Qu'est-ce que Récertification des accès ? A formal process to periodically review and validate user access rights to systems and data to ensure only authorized pe...
- Qu'est-ce que Récupération de clé ? A controlled process for restoring lost or inaccessible cryptographic keys, typically from a secure backup or escrow, fo...
- Qu'est-ce que Réduction du rayon d'impact ? Limiting the potential impact of a security breach by isolating assets and implementing controls that constrain the effe...
- Qu'est-ce que Réduction du risque ? The application of technical, administrative, or physical controls in cryptographic and PKI environments to lower the li...
- Qu'est-ce que Référentiel de sécurité ? A set of minimum security controls and configurations established for cryptographic or PKI systems to ensure compliance ...
- Qu'est-ce que Répondeur en ligne ? A network service that provides real-time certificate status information, typically using the Online Certificate Status ...
- Qu'est-ce que Réponse au Phishing ? Coordinated actions taken to detect, contain, and mitigate phishing attacks, including user notification, credential res...
- Qu'est-ce que Réponse aux incidents ? The structured approach to managing and addressing cybersecurity incidents, with processes for detection, containment, e...
- Qu'est-ce que Réponse aux incidents ? A coordinated approach to addressing and managing the aftermath of a security breach or cyberattack, with the aim of lim...
- Qu'est-ce que Réponse aux Incidents Cloud ? A structured approach to managing and mitigating security incidents in cloud environments, including preparation, detect...
- Qu'est-ce que Réponse de sécurité ? Coordinated activities by security personnel to mitigate, contain, and resolve identified threats or incidents in accord...
- Qu'est-ce que Réseau de Superposition Sécurisé ? A logically separated, secured network built on top of an existing network to provide enhanced security controls and iso...
- Qu'est-ce que Réseautage Sécurisé des Conteneurs ? The practice of applying security controls, segmentation, and encrypted communication to the networking layer between co...
- Qu'est-ce que Résistance quantique ? The property of cryptographic algorithms to withstand attacks by quantum computers, typically achieved by using post-qua...
- Qu'est-ce que Résultat de scan ? The output or findings generated by automated or manual scans of PKI or cryptographic systems for vulnerabilities, compl...
- Qu'est-ce que Rétablissement après incident ? The coordinated set of actions taken to restore systems, operations, and services to normal functioning after a security...
- Qu'est-ce que Rétention des Journaux ? The process and policy of securely retaining security event and audit logs for a defined period to ensure availability f...
- Qu'est-ce que Rétroaction de chiffrement ? A block cipher mode of operation (CFB) that turns a block cipher into a self-synchronizing stream cipher, providing conf...
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- Qu'est-ce que Saisie du code PIN ? The act of securely entering a personal identification number (PIN) into a trusted hardware or software interface for au...
- Qu'est-ce que Sauvegarde de clé ? The secure process of creating a protected copy of a cryptographic key, enabling recovery if the original is lost or dam...
- Qu'est-ce que Schéma d'Autorisation Défectueux ? A security flaw where access control logic is incomplete or inconsistent, enabling unauthorized users to gain access to ...
- Qu'est-ce que Schéma de signature ? A cryptographic algorithm for creating and verifying digital signatures, specifying mathematical processes and key struc...
- Qu'est-ce que Score de Confiance de l'Appareil ? A security metric that evaluates the trustworthiness of a device based on hardware, software, configuration, compliance ...
- Qu'est-ce que Score de Risque Dynamique ? A continuous process that calculates the real-time security risk posed by users, devices, or applications based on behav...
- Qu'est-ce que Scénario d'attaque ? A detailed narrative describing a potential attack vector or sequence of actions that a threat actor may use to exploit ...
- Qu'est-ce que Secret de transmission ? A cryptographic property ensuring that the compromise of long-term keys does not compromise past session keys, providing...
- Qu'est-ce que Segmentation basée sur les rôles ? A network security practice dividing network resources or data access based on user or device roles, enforcing least pri...
- Qu'est-ce que Segmentation de Réseau Virtuel ? The division of a physical network into multiple logical networks using virtualization techniques to isolate traffic and...
- Qu'est-ce que Segmentation du réseau cloud ? The practice of dividing cloud-based network environments into distinct, isolated segments to enforce security boundarie...
- Qu'est-ce que Segmentation réseau ? The practice of dividing a computer network into subnetworks, each being a network segment, to improve security, perform...
- Qu'est-ce que Segmentation Réseau Cloud ? The process of dividing a cloud network into isolated segments or zones to control traffic flow and limit lateral moveme...
- Qu'est-ce que Serveur de Politique NAC ? A core component of network access control (NAC) systems, responsible for evaluating endpoint posture, enforcing securit...
- Qu'est-ce que Service d'inscription ? A trusted PKI component that manages requests for digital certificates, validates identity, and issues or renews certifi...
- Qu'est-ce que Service d'Isolation du Navigateur ? A security mechanism that isolates end-users’ web browsing activity from the endpoint or corporate network by running br...
- Qu'est-ce que Service de Gestion des Clés ? A centralized service or system that creates, stores, rotates, and manages cryptographic keys used for securing data at ...
- Qu'est-ce que Service de tokenisation ? A security process or managed solution that replaces sensitive data elements with non-sensitive equivalents (tokens), of...
- Qu'est-ce que Service d’Isolation de Navigateur ? A security control that runs browser sessions in isolated, remote containers or sandboxes to protect endpoints from web-...
- Qu'est-ce que SIEM Natif Cloud ? A Security Information and Event Management platform built specifically for cloud architectures, offering elastic scalab...
- Qu'est-ce que Signalement d'Incident ? The formal process of documenting and communicating information about detected security incidents to relevant stakeholde...
- Qu'est-ce que Signalement d'incident ? The formal process of documenting and communicating the details of a cybersecurity incident to relevant stakeholders, re...
- Qu'est-ce que Signalement d'Incident ? The formal communication process for notifying internal or external authorities about detected security incidents, as re...
- Qu'est-ce que Simulation d'Attaque ? A controlled emulation of cyberattacks against systems, networks, or people to assess security posture, validate defense...
- Qu'est-ce que Simulation de menace ? The practice of emulating real-world attacks on cryptographic or PKI infrastructure to test defenses, validate response ...
- Qu'est-ce que Simulation d’adversaire ? Adversary Simulation is a controlled security exercise that emulates realistic cyber attacks by mimicking the tactics, t...
- Qu'est-ce que Simulation d’attaque ? The process of emulating real-world cyberattacks against cryptographic infrastructure or PKI environments to evaluate de...
- Qu'est-ce que Simulation d’exploitation ? A controlled emulation of exploit attempts against cryptographic or PKI vulnerabilities to assess system resilience and ...
- Qu'est-ce que Somme de contrôle de clé ? A value derived from a cryptographic key using a checksum or hash algorithm, used to verify the integrity or correctness...
- Qu'est-ce que Souveraineté des données ? The concept that digital data is subject to the laws and governance structures within the nation where it is collected o...
- Qu'est-ce que Statut de révocation ? The current validity state of a digital certificate, indicating whether it has been revoked by the issuing certificate a...
- Qu'est-ce que Statut de révocation ? The current validity state of a digital certificate as determined by a recognized Certificate Authority (CA), typically ...
- Qu'est-ce que Statut des correctifs ? The documented and regularly updated record of the deployment, verification, and compliance of cryptographic or PKI-rela...
- Qu'est-ce que Statut en ligne ? In cryptography/PKI, refers to the real-time validity of a digital certificate or credential as determined by protocols ...
- Qu'est-ce que Stockage Cryptographique Défaillant ? A vulnerability where sensitive data is improperly encrypted, decrypted, or stored using weak cryptographic algorithms, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Stockage Incorrect de Secrets ? A vulnerability where sensitive secrets, such as API keys or passwords, are stored in insecure locations, such as plaint...
- Qu'est-ce que Stratégie de Confinement ? A set of planned actions and measures taken to limit the spread and impact of a cybersecurity incident, preventing furth...
- Qu'est-ce que Stratégie de Défense en Couches ? An approach that uses multiple, overlapping security controls at different layers (network, application, endpoint) to pr...
- Qu'est-ce que Stratégie de limitation du débit API ? A structured approach to limit the number of API requests made by a client or IP within a specified timeframe, preventin...
- Qu'est-ce que Stratégie de sécurité ? A high-level plan that defines how an organization will protect its information assets, meet regulatory obligations, and...
- Qu'est-ce que Stratégie d’atténuation ? A structured approach involving technical, administrative, or procedural controls to reduce the likelihood or impact of ...
- Qu'est-ce que Suite de chiffrement ? A named set of cryptographic algorithms used to negotiate security settings in network protocols like TLS, including key...
- Qu'est-ce que Suivi de la remédiation ? The process of monitoring and documenting the status and effectiveness of actions taken to correct identified vulnerabil...
- Qu'est-ce que Suivi de remédiation ? The ongoing process of monitoring and managing corrective actions taken to resolve identified security or compliance iss...
- Qu'est-ce que Suivi des incidents ? The systematic process of recording, updating, and monitoring security incidents throughout their lifecycle to ensure ac...
- Qu'est-ce que Supervision de la conformité ? Ongoing supervision and review of an organization's compliance with laws, regulations, policies, and contractual obligat...
- Qu'est-ce que Supervision de la sécurité ? The ongoing supervision and review of security policies, controls, and processes to ensure effective risk management and...
- Qu'est-ce que Supervision de la sécurité ? Continuous observation, collection, and analysis of security events and data across information systems to detect threat...
- Qu'est-ce que Suppression d'Alerte ? The intentional filtering or silencing of specific security alerts to reduce noise from false positives and allow focus ...
- Qu'est-ce que Surface d'attaque ? The sum of all points in a cryptographic or PKI environment where an unauthorized user could attempt to enter data, extr...
- Qu'est-ce que Surveillance Continue ? Ongoing real-time observation and analysis of security controls and risks to ensure timely detection of threats and comp...
- Qu'est-ce que Surveillance Continue de la Conformité ? The ongoing process of automatically assessing systems, configurations, and user activities to ensure adherence to regul...
- Qu'est-ce que Surveillance de l’Accès aux Identifiants ? The process of continuously tracking, analyzing, and alerting on access to credentials (passwords, tokens, secrets) in o...
- Qu'est-ce que Surveillance de l’Intégrité de l’Hôte ? Continuous assessment of a host system’s files, processes, and configurations to detect unauthorized changes, tampering,...
- Qu'est-ce que Surveillance des abus d’API ? Continuous observation and analysis of API traffic to detect misuse patterns, abuse, or automated attacks, such as scrap...
- Qu'est-ce que Surveillance Est-Ouest ? Continuous inspection and analysis of lateral (intra-network) data flows within an organization's internal environment t...
- Qu'est-ce que Sécurité de la couche de transport ? A cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network, protecting data in transit vi...
- Qu'est-ce que Sécurité des Conteneurs d’Application ? Practices and controls for securing containerized applications and environments, including image scanning, runtime prote...
- Qu'est-ce que Sécurité des points d'échange Internet ? The collective security controls, policies, and operational measures implemented at an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) to ...
- Qu'est-ce que Sécurité du Bureau Virtuel ? Practices, controls, and technologies used to secure virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) and virtual desktops in cloud ...
- Qu'est-ce que Sécurité du Service Mesh ? A set of controls, policies, and tools for ensuring secure communication, authentication, and authorization between micr...
- Qu'est-ce que Séparation des tâches ? A risk management control principle that divides critical tasks and privileges among multiple individuals to reduce oppo...
- Qu'est-ce que Séparation du plan de données ? The separation of the data forwarding path from management and control planes within network infrastructure to improve s...
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- Qu'est-ce que Tableau de bord de conformité ? A real-time visualization tool that aggregates and displays the status of cryptography and PKI controls, risks, incident...
- Qu'est-ce que Tableau de bord des risques ? A real-time interface that aggregates, visualizes, and monitors PKI or cryptographic risks, vulnerabilities, and remedia...
- Qu'est-ce que Tap de tissu de visibilité ? A hardware or virtual device that creates a copy of network traffic for out-of-band monitoring, analytics, and security ...
- Qu'est-ce que Tentative d’exploitation ? An unauthorized action or sequence initiated by a threat actor to actively test or leverage a cryptographic or PKI vulne...
- Qu'est-ce que Test d'identifiants ? The process of validating the strength, configuration, and authenticity of credentials used within cryptographic or PKI ...
- Qu'est-ce que Test d'intrusion ? An authorized and controlled simulated attack on cryptographic and PKI systems, conducted to identify exploitable vulner...
- Qu'est-ce que Test de sécurité ? The process of evaluating cryptographic, PKI, and supporting systems for compliance with security requirements, through ...
- Qu'est-ce que Ticket de session ? A data structure issued by a server to a client in TLS to enable stateless session resumption by encapsulating keying ma...
- Qu'est-ce que Tolérance au Risque ? The amount and type of risk an organization is willing to accept in pursuit of its objectives, as defined in risk manage...
- Qu'est-ce que Traitement des données ? The processes and procedures for collecting, processing, storing, transmitting, and disposing of data in a secure and co...
- Qu'est-ce que Transit Segmenté de Microservices ? A network architecture approach in which communications between microservices are isolated into distinct, secured segmen...
- Qu'est-ce que Transmission Sécurisée de Paquets ? The practice of transmitting data packets across networks in a manner that maintains confidentiality, integrity, and aut...
- Qu'est-ce que Transport Strict MTA ? An email security policy (MTA-STS) that enforces strict encrypted transport (typically via TLS) between Mail Transfer Ag...
- Qu'est-ce que Triage des alertes ? The systematic process of evaluating, prioritizing, and categorizing security alerts based on severity, credibility, and...
- Qu'est-ce que Triage d’Événement ? The process of rapidly classifying, prioritizing, and assigning security events for investigation based on impact, sever...
- Qu'est-ce que Tunnel privé virtuel ? A secure, encrypted connection established over a public or untrusted network, forming a logical link that protects data...
- Qu'est-ce que Tunnel VPN fractionné ? A VPN configuration that allows some traffic to be routed through the secure VPN tunnel while other traffic accesses the...
- Qu'est-ce que Télémétrie de sécurité ? Security Telemetry refers to the automated collection, transmission, and aggregation of security-relevant data—such as l...
V
- Qu'est-ce que Valeur de nonce ? A randomly or pseudo-randomly generated number used only once in a cryptographic communication to prevent replay attacks...
- Qu'est-ce que Valeur de sel ? A random value added to data, typically passwords, before hashing to ensure that identical inputs produce different hash...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation d'alerte ? The process of verifying whether a security alert is genuine, actionable, and relevant, typically by correlating with ad...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de chaîne ? The process of verifying each certificate in a chain from the end entity up to the root CA, ensuring all links are trust...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de conformité ? The formal process of testing and confirming that systems, processes, and controls meet regulatory, contractual, and pol...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de conformité ? The systematic confirmation that cryptographic, PKI, and supporting systems conform to relevant standards, policies, and...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de correctif ? The process of confirming through controlled testing that a security patch applied to cryptographic modules or PKI compo...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de l'adresse source ? The process of verifying that the source IP address of a packet is legitimate and not spoofed, typically enforced at net...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de l'intégrité des routes ? A set of mechanisms that verify the authenticity and correctness of network routing information to prevent route hijacki...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de la chaîne DNSSEC ? The process of verifying each link in the DNSSEC signature chain from root to record to ensure domain name authenticity ...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de la logique métier ? The process of systematically verifying application workflows and rules to ensure that implemented business logic enforc...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de l’expiration du jeton ? The process of checking the expiration date and time of authentication or authorization tokens to ensure that expired to...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation de module cryptographique ? The formal process of testing and certifying that a cryptographic module meets defined security standards such as FIPS 1...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation du certificat client ? A process that verifies the authenticity and trustworthiness of client certificates during mutual TLS connections, enabl...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation du contrat d’API ? The process of verifying that an API’s requests and responses strictly conform to the documented interface specification...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation du nonce de relecture ? A security mechanism that ensures a unique nonce value is included and validated in each request or transaction, protect...
- Qu'est-ce que Validation d’exploit ? The process of confirming, through controlled testing, that a discovered vulnerability in a cryptographic or PKI system ...
- Qu'est-ce que Vecteur d’attaque ? A specific method or pathway by which a threat actor attempts to exploit vulnerabilities in cryptographic or PKI infrast...
- Qu'est-ce que Violation de la politique de sécurité ? Any action or event that contravenes an established information security policy or standard, triggering investigation or...
- Qu'est-ce que Violation de Politique ? An act or omission that breaches or contradicts an established organizational policy, potentially leading to disciplinar...
- Qu'est-ce que Voie d’attaque ? A sequence or route by which a threat actor progresses through vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, or controls in crypto...
- Qu'est-ce que Vulnérabilité de l’actif ? A weakness in a cryptographic, PKI, or related system asset that could be exploited by a threat actor to compromise conf...
- Qu'est-ce que Vérification d'Entropie Insuffisante ? Failure to verify that cryptographic functions use sources of randomness with adequate entropy, increasing the risk of p...
- Qu'est-ce que Vérification de la remédiation ? The process of confirming that actions taken to correct cryptographic or PKI vulnerabilities are effective and that affe...
- Qu'est-ce que Vérification de la signature JWT ? The process of validating the cryptographic signature of a JSON Web Token (JWT) to ensure its integrity and authenticity...
- Qu'est-ce que Vérification des correctifs ? The process of confirming that applied patches to cryptographic, PKI, or related systems have been correctly installed, ...
- Qu'est-ce que Vérification du démarrage sécurisé ? A cryptographic process that ensures only trusted, signed firmware and software are loaded during system startup, preven...
Z
- Qu'est-ce que Zero-Day ? A vulnerability in PKI or cryptographic systems that is unknown to the vendor and for which no official patch or mitigat...
- Qu'est-ce que Zone d’interface non fiable ? A designated network segment where interfaces connect to untrusted networks or devices, typically requiring strict secur...
É
- Qu'est-ce que Élévation de privilèges ? An attack or exploit in which a user or application gains higher access rights or privileges than intended by system pol...
- Qu'est-ce que Élévation de privilèges ? The process by which a threat actor gains unauthorized elevated access rights within cryptographic or PKI systems.
- Qu'est-ce que Émulation d’Adversaire ? The simulation of real-world attacker behaviors and techniques in a controlled environment to test and improve detection...
- Qu'est-ce que Énumération des attaques ? The process of systematically identifying and cataloging all possible attack vectors and threat actors relevant to a cry...
- Qu'est-ce que Énumération réseau ? The systematic identification and cataloging of networked assets, hosts, and services, including cryptographic and PKI i...
- Qu'est-ce que Étiquetage des Ressources Cloud ? The process of assigning metadata labels to cloud resources to facilitate access management, cost allocation, compliance...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de compromission ? Compromise Assessment is the comprehensive evaluation of an organization’s systems, networks, and data to identify evide...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de gravité ? A standardized scale or categorization of the impact and urgency of vulnerabilities or incidents affecting cryptographic...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de l'impact ? A systematic analysis of the consequences that an identified risk or incident could have on business operations, assets,...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de la Posture de l’Appareil ? The evaluation of a device's security state, such as patch levels, configurations, and presence of security controls, be...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de la sécurité ? A systematic evaluation of the security posture of systems, networks, and processes to identify vulnerabilities, threats...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de référence ? A comprehensive evaluation of the security posture of PKI and cryptographic systems against established industry baselin...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation de vulnérabilité ? A systematic process for identifying, classifying, and evaluating vulnerabilities in information systems, cryptographic ...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des contrôles ? A formal evaluation of the design and effectiveness of security controls to determine whether they are operating as inte...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des contrôles ? A systematic assessment of technical and procedural security controls in cryptographic and PKI environments to determine...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des fournisseurs ? A structured evaluation of third-party providers’ security, compliance, and risk management practices prior to and durin...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des menaces ? A structured process for identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing potential threats to an organization's assets, operat...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des menaces ? A structured process for identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing potential threats to an organization's assets, operati...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des pénalités ? The formal process of determining and imposing financial or legal penalties for non-compliance with regulatory or contra...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des risques ? The process of assessing the potential impact and likelihood of identified risks to determine their significance and gui...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation des écarts ? A structured review that compares current security controls and practices against required standards or frameworks to id...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation du risque ? The process of quantifying and prioritizing risks by assigning numerical or qualitative values based on likelihood, impa...
- Qu'est-ce que Évaluation d’exploitabilité ? The evaluation of identified vulnerabilities in cryptographic or PKI assets to determine the likelihood and potential im...
- Qu'est-ce que Évasion de contournement de détection ? Techniques used by threat actors to evade or bypass security detection mechanisms such as IDS, IPS, or endpoint protecti...
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